:root .reading-room{--rr-bg:#0b0a09;--rr-ink:#e9e5dc;--rr-ink-soft:#c2bdb0;--rr-ink-mute:#86816f;--rr-gold:#d3a954;--rr-gold-bright:#ecc97f;--rr-rule:hsla(0,0%,100%,.13);--rr-rule-soft:hsla(0,0%,100%,.07)}html.reading-route,html.reading-route body{overflow:auto;height:auto}html.reading-route body{padding-top:0}.reading-room{background:var(--rr-bg);color:var(--rr-ink);min-height:100vh;font-family:Tajawal,sans-serif;line-height:1.9;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;direction:rtl}.reading-progress{position:fixed;top:0;right:0;left:0;height:3px;background:linear-gradient(to left,var(--rr-gold-bright) 0,var(--rr-gold) 55%,rgba(212,169,84,.15) 100%);transform-origin:right center;z-index:60;will-change:transform;pointer-events:none}.reading-masthead{text-align:center;padding:26px 20px 18px;border-bottom:1px solid var(--rr-rule)}.reading-masthead .logo{font-family:Tajawal,sans-serif;font-size:32px;font-weight:900;letter-spacing:0;line-height:1.2;padding-bottom:6px}.reading-masthead .logo .q{color:var(--rr-gold)}.reading-masthead .tag{font-size:12px;color:var(--rr-ink-mute);margin-top:8px;letter-spacing:.04em}.reading-masthead .nav{display:flex;justify-content:center;gap:22px;margin-top:14px;font-size:13px;font-weight:500;color:var(--rr-ink-soft)}.reading-masthead .nav a{color:var(--rr-ink-soft);text-decoration:none;padding-bottom:3px}.reading-masthead .nav a:hover{color:var(--rr-ink)}.reading-masthead .nav a.on{color:var(--rr-ink);border-bottom:2px solid var(--rr-gold)}.reading-wrap{max-width:720px;margin:0 auto;padding:0 26px 80px}.reading-topbar{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:baseline;padding:26px 0;font-family:Tajawal,sans-serif;font-size:12px;font-weight:500;letter-spacing:.12em;color:var(--rr-ink-mute)}.reading-topbar a{color:var(--rr-ink-mute);text-decoration:none}.reading-topbar a:hover{color:var(--rr-ink)}.reading-kicker{font-size:13px;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.16em;color:var(--rr-gold);margin-bottom:18px}.reading-headline{font-family:Tajawal,sans-serif;font-size:52px;font-weight:900;line-height:1.22;letter-spacing:-.01em;color:var(--rr-ink);margin-bottom:16px}.reading-subhead{font-family:Playfair Display,Cormorant Garamond,serif;font-style:italic;font-size:20px;color:var(--rr-ink-mute);margin-bottom:22px;direction:ltr}.reading-byline{font-family:Tajawal,sans-serif;font-size:13px;color:var(--rr-ink-soft);margin-bottom:20px}.reading-byline-name{color:var(--rr-ink);font-weight:700}.reading-dateline{display:flex;gap:18px;flex-wrap:wrap;font-family:Tajawal,sans-serif;font-size:13px;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.04em;color:var(--rr-ink-mute);padding-bottom:24px;border-bottom:1px solid var(--rr-rule)}.reading-dateline .src{color:var(--rr-gold)}.reading-standfirst{font-family:Tajawal,sans-serif;font-size:17px;line-height:1.8;font-weight:400;color:var(--rr-ink-mute);margin:28px 0 12px;-webkit-padding-start:16px;padding-inline-start:16px;-webkit-border-start:2px solid var(--rr-gold);border-inline-start:2px solid var(--rr-gold)}.reading-body{font-family:Tajawal,sans-serif;font-size:20px;line-height:2.05;color:var(--rr-ink)}.reading-body p{margin:22px 0}.reading-body h2{font-size:28px;font-weight:900;line-height:1.3;margin:38px 0 14px}.reading-body h2,.reading-body h3{font-family:Tajawal,sans-serif;color:var(--rr-ink)}.reading-body h3{font-size:22px;font-weight:700;line-height:1.35;margin:30px 0 12px}.reading-body a{color:var(--rr-gold-bright);text-decoration:underline;-webkit-text-decoration-color:rgba(212,169,84,.4);text-decoration-color:rgba(212,169,84,.4);text-underline-offset:3px}.reading-body a:hover{-webkit-text-decoration-color:var(--rr-gold-bright);text-decoration-color:var(--rr-gold-bright)}.reading-body strong{color:var(--rr-ink);font-weight:700}.reading-body em{color:var(--rr-ink);font-style:italic}.reading-body blockquote{margin:22px 0;padding:0 18px;-webkit-border-start:2px solid var(--rr-gold);border-inline-start:2px solid var(--rr-gold);color:var(--rr-ink-soft);font-style:italic}.reading-body hr{border:0;height:auto;background:none;margin:36px auto;max-width:none;text-align:center;overflow:visible}.reading-body hr:after{content:"❖";display:inline-block;color:var(--rr-gold);font-size:18px;letter-spacing:.5em;-webkit-padding-start:.5em;padding-inline-start:.5em}.reading-body>p:last-child:after{content:"◼";display:inline-block;color:var(--rr-gold);font-size:.7em;-webkit-margin-start:8px;margin-inline-start:8px;vertical-align:middle;transform:translateY(-2px)}.reading-body .lead{color:var(--rr-gold-bright);font-weight:900;font-size:1.4em;line-height:1}.reading-body sup,.reading-body sup a{color:var(--rr-gold);font-weight:700;font-size:.62em;margin:0 2px;text-decoration:none}.reading-body sup a:hover{color:var(--rr-gold-bright)}.reading-pullquote{position:relative;margin:40px 0;padding:30px 10px;border-top:2px solid var(--rr-gold);border-bottom:2px solid var(--rr-gold);text-align:center;font-family:Tajawal,sans-serif;font-size:30px;font-weight:900;line-height:1.5;color:#f4efe5;cursor:pointer;transition:background-color .2s ease,transform .2s ease}.reading-pullquote:focus-visible,.reading-pullquote:hover{background:rgba(212,169,84,.05);outline:none}.reading-pullquote.is-copied{background:rgba(212,169,84,.1)}.reading-pullquote-toast{position:absolute;inset-inline-start:50%;bottom:-28px;transform:translateX(-50%);font-family:Tajawal,sans-serif;font-size:11px;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.12em;color:var(--rr-gold);pointer-events:none;min-height:1em;opacity:0;transition:opacity .18s ease}.reading-pullquote.is-copied .reading-pullquote-toast{opacity:1}.reading-sources{margin-top:72px;padding-top:36px;position:relative}.reading-sources:before{content:"❖";position:absolute;top:0;left:50%;transform:translateX(-50%);color:var(--rr-gold);font-size:14px;background:var(--rr-bg);padding:0 14px}.reading-sources:after{content:"";position:absolute;top:8px;left:0;right:0;height:1px;background:var(--rr-rule);z-index:-1}.reading-sources h3{font-family:Tajawal,sans-serif;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:.2em;color:var(--rr-ink-mute);font-weight:700;margin-bottom:18px;text-transform:uppercase;text-align:center}.reading-sources ol{margin:0;padding:0 22px 0 0;list-style:decimal;list-style-position:inside}.reading-sources li{margin-bottom:16px;font-size:15px;line-height:1.65;color:var(--rr-ink-soft);scroll-margin-top:18px}.reading-sources li::marker{color:var(--rr-ink-mute);font-weight:700}.reading-sources li:target{background:rgba(212,169,84,.1);-webkit-border-start:2px solid var(--rr-gold);border-inline-start:2px solid var(--rr-gold);-webkit-padding-start:10px;padding-inline-start:10px}.reading-sources .pub{display:block;font-size:11px;letter-spacing:.16em;color:var(--rr-gold);font-weight:700;margin-bottom:2px;text-transform:uppercase}.reading-sources .source-link{color:inherit;text-decoration:none}.reading-sources .source-link:hover .pub{color:var(--rr-gold-bright)}.reading-sources .source-link:hover{color:var(--rr-ink)}.reading-tissue{margin-top:48px;display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:32px}.reading-tissue .article-tag,.reading-tissue .connections-block,.reading-tissue .metadata-chips,.reading-tissue .share-bar{--ink:var(--rr-ink);--mute:var(--rr-ink-soft);--quiet:var(--rr-ink-mute);--hair:var(--rr-rule)}.reading-foot{margin-top:54px;padding-top:22px;border-top:1px solid var(--rr-rule);text-align:center;color:var(--rr-ink-mute)}.reading-foot .legacy{font-family:Tajawal,sans-serif;font-size:16px;color:var(--rr-ink-soft);margin-bottom:6px}.reading-foot .small{font-family:Tajawal,sans-serif;font-size:11px;letter-spacing:.12em;font-weight:500}@media (max-width:640px){.reading-headline{font-size:36px}.reading-body{font-size:18px;line-height:2}.reading-pullquote{font-size:24px;padding:24px 6px}.reading-standfirst{font-size:15px;line-height:1.75;-webkit-padding-start:12px;padding-inline-start:12px}.reading-subhead{font-size:17px}.reading-wrap{padding:0 18px 60px}.reading-masthead .logo{font-size:28px}}@media (prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){.reading-progress{transition:none}}@media print{.reading-room{background:#fff;color:#000}.reading-masthead,.reading-progress,.reading-tissue{display:none}.reading-wrap{max-width:none;padding:0 18mm}.reading-headline{color:#000;font-size:32pt}.reading-subhead{color:#333}.reading-standfirst{color:#222}.reading-body{color:#111;font-size:13pt;line-height:1.6}.reading-body .lead{color:#555;font-size:1.05em}.reading-body sup,.reading-body sup a{color:#555}.reading-pullquote{color:#000;border-color:#333;font-size:16pt}.reading-sources{border-top-color:#ccc;color:#333}.reading-dateline,.reading-kicker,.reading-sources .pub{color:#555}.reading-foot{color:#666;border-top-color:#ccc}}